1. Improvement of Microstructure: During hot pressing, grains undergo recrystallization and growth under high temperatures, resulting in a finer and more uniform grain structure. This process helps eliminate or reduce intergranular pores and defects, significantly enhancing the head's strength, plasticity, and toughness.(flat head)

2. Reduction of Residual Stress: Manufacturing processes involving repeated thermal and cold cycles can introduce residual stresses, which may lead to cracking or deformation during service. Hot pressing treatment mitigates these risks byrefining grain size, relieving residual stresses, thereby improving the head's fatigue resistance and durability.

3. Enhancement of Corrosion Resistance: Through controlled heat treatment parameters (temperature and duration), the following methods can be applied:Solution treatment: Homogenizes the material structure.Precipitation hardening: Strengthens the alloy.These processes promote the formation of a uniform oxide layer or protective film on the surface, shielding the head from environmental corrosion and damage.